安科瑞 繆凱倫

摘 要：介紹了開(kāi)口式電流互感器在改造項(xiàng)目中的應(yīng)用，以及帶開(kāi)關(guān)量的開(kāi)口式電流互感器的作用，和常規(guī)開(kāi)口互感器對(duì)比的優(yōu)勢(shì)，并結(jié)合工程實(shí)例分析。

??Abstract：Introduces the application of open type current transformer in the renovation project, as well as the role of open type current transformer with switching quantity, and the advantages of comparison with conventional open type current transformer, and analyzes with engineering examples.

??關(guān)鍵詞 低壓配電系統(tǒng) 開(kāi)關(guān)量 開(kāi)口式 電流互感器 防竊電 工作原理

??Keywords low voltage distribution system, switching, open type current transformer, anti-theft, working principle

??1.引言 Introduction

??隨著我國(guó)電力工業(yè)中城網(wǎng)及農(nóng)網(wǎng)的改造，以及低壓配電系統(tǒng)的自動(dòng)化程度不斷提高，開(kāi)口式電流互感器作為低壓配電系統(tǒng)中的一種重要電氣元件，在電網(wǎng)改造中的作用越來(lái)越明顯，已被廣泛地應(yīng)用于測(cè)量、計(jì)量、繼電保護(hù)、系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測(cè)、接地保護(hù)和各種電力系統(tǒng)分析之中。

??With the transformation of urban and agricultural networks in China's power industry and the increasing automation of low-voltage distribution systems, open type current transformers, as an important electrical component in low-voltage distribution systems, have become more and more obvious in the transformation of power grids and have been widely used in measurement, metering, relay protection, system monitoring, grounding protection and various power system analysis.

??但是，目前市場(chǎng)上的開(kāi)口式低壓互感器在安裝的時(shí)候可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)卡扣沒(méi)卡緊導(dǎo)致鐵芯沒(méi)有*閉合；或者在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中，互感器外殼受到很大應(yīng)力作用，外殼鉸鏈斷裂，導(dǎo)致上下鐵芯不閉合，影響互感器精度或者沒(méi)有電流輸出。帶開(kāi)關(guān)量的開(kāi)口式電流互感器能夠有助于向儀表或者后臺(tái)反饋上述情況，在電力監(jiān)控項(xiàng)目上有廣闊的運(yùn)用前景。

??However, the open type low-voltage transformers on the market at present may be installed with snaps that are not tightened to cause the core to be not completely closed; or during operation, the transformer shell is subjected to great stress and the shell hinge breaks, resulting in the upper and lower cores not being closed, affecting the accuracy of the transformer or no current output. The open type current transformer with switch can effectively feedback the above situation to the instrument or the background, and has a broad application prospect in power monitoring projects.

??2.電流互感器工作原理 Working principle of current transformer

??開(kāi)口低壓電流互感器的工作原理如圖1所示，開(kāi)口電流互感器的一次繞組串聯(lián)在被測(cè)線路中，I1為線路電流即電流互感器的一次電流，N1為電流互感器的一次匝數(shù)，I2電流互感器二次電流，N2為電流互感器的二次匝數(shù)，Z2e為二次回路設(shè)備及連接導(dǎo)線阻抗。當(dāng)一次電流從電流互感器P1端流進(jìn)，P2端出，在二次Z2e接通的情況下，由電磁感應(yīng)原理，電流互感器二次繞組有電流I2從S1流過(guò)，經(jīng)Z2e至S2，形成閉合回路。由此可得電流在理想狀態(tài)下I1×N1=I2×N2，

??所以有I1/I2=N1/N2=K，K為電流互感器的變比。但是由于開(kāi)

??口式電流互感器的鐵芯切開(kāi)后，使鐵芯的性能下將的比較厲害，所以要將互感器的鐵芯截面積加大，而且提高安匝數(shù)，將I1×N1=I2×N2≥100AN。

??The working principle of the open-ended low-voltage current transformer is shown in Figure 1. The primary winding of the open-ended current transformer is connected in series with the line under test, I1 is the line current, that is, the primary current of the current transformer, and N1 is the primary turns of the current transformer. I2 is the secondary current of the current transformer, N2 is the secondary turns of the current transformer, and Z2e is the impedance of the secondary circuit equipment and connecting wires. When the primary current flows in from the P1 end of the current transformer, and the P2 end goes out, in the case that the secondary Z2e is turned on, according to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the secondary winding of the current transformer has a current I2 flowing from S1, through Z2e to S2, form a closed loop. It can be obtained that the current is I1×N1=I2×N2 in the ideal state, so there is I1/I2=N1/N2=K, and K is the transformation ratio of the current transformer. However, after the iron core of the open current transformer is cut, the performance of the iron core will be worse, so the cross-sectional area of the iron core of the transformer must be increased, and the number of ampere turns must be increased, and I1×N1=I2 ×N2≥100AN.

??另外，該互感器上的開(kāi)關(guān)量開(kāi)關(guān)，當(dāng)互感器卡扣沒(méi)卡好或是互感器老化導(dǎo)致殼體破裂，開(kāi)關(guān)按鈕彈起，常閉變常開(kāi)，信號(hào)終止傳輸，互感器無(wú)信號(hào)輸出；當(dāng)互感器卡扣正常是，開(kāi)關(guān)狀態(tài)為常閉，互感器正常工作。

??In addition, the transformer on the switch, when the transformer snap did not card or the transformer aging caused by the rupture of the shell, the switch button pops up, normally closed to normally open, the signal termination transmission, the transformer no signal output; when the transformer snap is normal, the switch state is normally closed, the transformer works normally.

??3.開(kāi)口式電流互感器Open type current transformer

??開(kāi)口式電流互感器主要應(yīng)用于工業(yè)中城網(wǎng)、農(nóng)網(wǎng)改造項(xiàng)目。特點(diǎn)是安裝方便，無(wú)需拆除一次母線，亦可帶電操作。但是，目前市場(chǎng)上的低壓開(kāi)口式互感器存在以下缺點(diǎn)：

??Open type current transformers are mainly used in industrial city network and agricultural network renovation projects. Features are easy to install, no need to remove the primary busbar, and can also be operated with electricity. However, the current low-voltage open type transformers on the market have the following drawbacks.

??（1）市場(chǎng)上的開(kāi)口式電流互感器在安裝的時(shí)候可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)卡扣沒(méi)卡緊或是鐵芯沒(méi)有閉合，在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中會(huì)出現(xiàn)互感器脫落或者斷開(kāi)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；

??(1) Open type current transformer on the market may not be installed when the clasp is not tight or the core is not closed, the risk of the transformer falling off or disconnected during operation.

??（2）開(kāi)口式電流互感器在安裝后如果被人為二次打開(kāi)后，會(huì)出現(xiàn)無(wú)信號(hào)等問(wèn)題。

??針對(duì)上述不足，AKH-0.66/K-SW系列電流互感器，可以解決上述問(wèn)題。此互感器外形美觀，安裝維護(hù)方便簡(jiǎn)潔。如圖2所示，該互感器具備以下幾個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)：

??Open type current transformer will have no signal and other problems if it is artificially opened twice after installation.

??AKH-0.66/K-SW series current transformer can solve the above problems. This transformer has a beautiful appearance and is easy and simple to install and maintain. As shown in Figure 2, the transformer has the following advantages.

??（1）AKH-0.66/K-SW系列電流互感器，安裝時(shí)無(wú)需將電斷開(kāi)，可以帶電操作，閉合直接使用即可現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安裝簡(jiǎn)便，減少人力成本；

??AKH-0.66/K-SW series current transformer, installation without disconnecting the electricity, you can operate with electricity, close the direct use of the site installation is simple, reducing labor costs.

??（2）AKH-0.66/K-SW系列電流互感器，在該模塊有4根引線，兩根傳輸電流信號(hào)，兩根傳輸開(kāi)關(guān)量信號(hào)；

??AKH-0.66/K-SW series current transformer, there are four leads in the module, two to transmit the current signal, two to transmit the switching signal.

??（3）AKH-0.66/K-SW系列電流互感器，當(dāng)卡扣沒(méi)卡好或是互感器老化導(dǎo)致殼體破裂，上下殼體彈開(kāi)，鐵芯接觸不良，卡在互感器下殼體的開(kāi)關(guān)凸起按鈕就會(huì)向上彈出，開(kāi)關(guān)斷開(kāi)，開(kāi)關(guān)量信號(hào)終止傳輸，起到提示開(kāi)口式低壓互感器停止工作的作用。

??AKH-0.66/K-SW series current transformers, when the buckle is not locked or the transformer is aging, the casing is broken, the upper and lower casings pop open, the iron core is in poor contact, and the switch stuck on the lower casing of the transformer protrudes The button will pop up, the switch will be disconnected, and the switching signal will terminate the transmission, which will prompt the open-type low-voltage transformer to stop working.

??（4）AKH-0.66/K-SW系列電流互感器，上下殼體帶有鉛封孔，一旦安裝完畢立即進(jìn)行鉛封。

??AKH-0.66/K-SW series current transformer, the upper and lower shells with lead seal holes, once the installation is completed immediately lead seal.

??4.參數(shù)對(duì)照表Parameter comparison table

??4.結(jié)束語(yǔ)Conclusion

??AKH-0.66/K-SW系列電流互感器的出現(xiàn)，具備異常打開(kāi)報(bào)警、停上電事件上報(bào)等功能，同時(shí)也為企業(yè)降低了人力物力成本，由于市場(chǎng)巨大，一旦形成生產(chǎn)能力，也可帶動(dòng)其他行業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展。

??The emergence of AKH-0.66/K-SW series current transformer, with abnormal open alarm, stop on the power event reporting and other functions, but also for the enterprise to reduce the cost of human and material resources, due to the huge market, once the formation of production capacity, but also can drive the rapid development of other industries.